Pharmacology is an essential science in pharmacy. However, pharmacology is not really specific to pharmacy. Pharmacology is a branch of biology that focuses on research of drug action. In general, pharmacology can be interpreted by the interaction that occurs between living organisms and chemical compounds that can give effect to normal or abnormal biochemical functions. And if the chemical compound has medicinal properties, then the compound can provide a therapeutic effect.
Pharmacology is also divided into several sub-discipline such as: clinical pharmacology, neuropharmacology, psychoparmacology, cardiovascular pharmacology, pharmacogenetics. pharmacogenomics, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacology systems, toxicology, theoretical pharmacology, posology, pharmacognosy, environmental pharmacology and dental pharmacology.
Pharmacy students who study pharmacology must have a biomedical science basic that studies about the effects of drugs on living organisms. On this basis, it is hoped that new drug discoveries will emerge and it is hoped that they can have a better understanding of how the human body works.
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Pharmacology also provides a solid grounding in scientific knowledge and opens up opportunities in range of careers. This degree offers a lot of job prospects in some area such as in academia, industry, the scientific civil service, and also hospitals. Some jobs that directly related to pharmacology are:
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To understand more about the job description for every job position, qualifications, and salary, we will explain more about them below.
Analytical chemist is a person who uses a diverse range of methods to investigate the chemical nature of substances. The main job for this position is to identify the substances and how it behaves in different conditions. We may find this job in pharmaceutical industry.
In pharmaceutical industry, this job is often supervised under Research and Development department. The other jobs of analytical chemist is studying the physical or chemical properties of drug substances and formulation, developing some methods to identify some substances of drug.
This job requires a skill to operate some chemical instrument like spectrophotometer, HPLC, UPLC, and many more. Per year, an analytical chemist will be paid about 22,000 – 32,000 USD, depends on the experience that they have.
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Biomedical scientist is a job that needs a strong analytical skills and practical laboratory experience. They will carry out a range of laboratory and scientific tests on human samples such as tissue or liquid that will help the physician to diagnose and treat a patient.
The biomedical scientist will also evaluate the effectiveness of treatment by performing some laboratory test. Becoming a biomedical scientist also has some risk, sometimes they have to face human samples of AIDS, hepatitis, TBC, or any other infectious disease that will affect them.
In biomedical scientist, there are some science that will be applied like clinical microbiology, virology (the study about virus identification), and immunology (the study about understanding immune system). The salary for a biomedical scientist is about 27,000 – 37,000 USD per year. And if you have more experience in this field, you may receive about 40,000 – 45,000 USD per year.
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Clinical research associate (CRA) is a person who conducts clinical trials to see the effectiveness, risks, and benefits of the drug to ensure that the drug is safe until the patient is using it. CRA can be found in the pharmaceutical industry.
The work covered all stages in clinical trials including investigation, composing, setting-up, monitoring, until the end of the trial. In addition they also play a role in clinical trial protocols, the instructions for an investigator describing the objectives, design, and methodology of a clinical trial.
Usually those who work in this field are PharmD graduates as well as Masters and sometimes PhDs To become a CRA then the required qualification is a PharmD degree from a qualified university. And within a year a new CRA can earn about 35,000 USD, and 50,000 for CRA with more experience.
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This job is very suitable for a biochemistry graduate. This job requires excellent analytical and communication skills. The responsibilities as a healthcare scientist specializing in clinical biochemistry are to carry out analyses on specimens of body fluids and tissue, perform clinical validation by checking abnormal results, interpreting and reporting the samples results. This job is very helpful in medical field because it can help a physician to diagnose and manage the suitable treatment for a patient.
Overall, a healthcare scientist will work in a laboratory, usually in hospital or clinic. The salary that will be received in a year as a healthcare scientist specializing in clinical biochemistry is about 33,000 USD. If they have more experience in this field before, they will get about 50,000 – 100,000 USD per year.
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Healthcare scientist specializing in immunology is a person who will help to diagnose, monitor, and treat patients with a range of immune system disorders such as allergy, autoimmune disorders, primary immunodeficiency, and antibody deficiency. They need some basic knowledge in immunology and will work in a team with other healthcare professionals that will do some researches to understand the cause of patient’s immune system problems.
Some responsibilities of a healthcare scientist in immunology are investigating patient’s immune system and research the problem cause, performing some laboratory-based activities to help diagnose, monitor, and treat the immunology disorder, also managing the most suitable treatment for patients. Some benefit as a healthcare scientist in immunology are that they will liaise closely with medical and other medical staff, they even will have more direct contact with patients and their families.
Not only in hospital, a healthcare scientist in immunology can also work in clinics, industrial research, and academic settings. For a fresh graduate who wants to work in this area, they will get about 26,000 USD per year. While a healthcare scientist in immunology in senior level will get 50,000 – 100,000 USD per year.
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Pharmacologist works to research and develop new drugs or existing drugs. Pharmacologist is required to be able to understand how the drug can work so it can be used effectively and safely. They will usually conduct studies related to drug development.
A pharmacologist’s work also involves in vitro research (using cells or animal tissues) or in vivo research (using whole animals) that will predict the effect of drug in human body. The predicted effect may be a good effect or even the bad effect of the drug. There are some types of pharmacologist that will more focus in one area, there are neuropharmacology, cardiovascular pharmacology, in vivo pharmacology, psychopharmacology, and veterinary pharmacology.
Within a year they can earn a salary of 19,000 USD, but if they have earned a postdoctoral degree then the salary earned is 70,000 USD per year. Required qualifications are graduates from faculty who study pharmacology. And nowadays a pharmacologist with Master of Science degree is more preferable.
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A research scientist is someone who works by doing research to find new scientific knowledge related to medicines. In addition, they also play a role to develop, or improving existing medicines and treatments. Qualification for research work is someone must graduate with a Bachelor of Science or a Master of Science degree in related sciences. In addition, many pharmaceutical industries are also looking for workers who already have experience in the field of lab, both at school and in industry.
For this qualification, the position that can be obtained is a research associate. Research associates work in fields related to science, such as experimenting and analyzing data under supervision of senior scientists. Above research associate there is a research specialist who is also called pharmaceuticals specialist. Pharmaceutical specialists usually have more autonomy and provide input to the performed research.
Research scientists who have less or no experience will receive a salary of 18,000 USD each year. If the research scientist has earned a PhD degree then the salary will range from 32,000 to 42,000 USD every year. The salary can increase from 65,000 to 90,000 at the senior and professor level.
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Research scientist in life sciences must be a person that has a inquisitive mind and enjoy planning and working on experiments. This job is primarily involved in planning and performing experiments as well as analyzing results with some further purposes. Some purposes of this job are to develop new products, processes or commercial applications, or to broaden scientific understanding in general. A research scientist needs to be able to work in a team and will share their finding with professional colleagues.
You may find this job in some areas include government laboratories, hospitals, and higher education institutions. The research in life sciences covers a wide range of scientific disciplines such as bioinformatics, biotechnology, cancer studies, genomics, microbiology, neurosciences, pharmacology, physiology, plant sciences, and stem cell research.
The general work of research scientist is close to medical science but also crosses over into other areas such as biochemistry. The salary of this job is about 20,000 USD per year. At senior level, they can get about 38,000 – 45,000 USD per year.
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Besides those jobs, there are also some jobs that indirectly related to pharmacology, and you may find the information below:
1. Higher education lecturer
Higher education lecturer is an academic lecturer for undergraduate and postgraduate subjects. Usually they work at the university or some further education colleges. Teaching methods that they use are includes lecturer, seminars, tutorials, practical demonstrations, field work, and e-learning. The aim is to have this published in books or scholarly articles which can help raise the profile of their employing institution. Each lecturer also has a research project to develop research activities from their institution.
The responsibilities for higher education lecturer are delivering lecturers, seminar and tutorials, assessing student’s coursework, supporting students through advisory role, supervising student’s research activities, and many more. The salary of a higher education lecturer is between 42,000 – 55,000 USD every year. For senior teacher, they can earn a salary of 50,000 – 75,000 USD per year. The qualification to become a higher education lecturer is to earn a minimum of Master of Science degree. But nowadays many institutions are looking for higher education lecturer with PhD degree.
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2. Medical Sales Representative
There are many Jobs in Pharmacology, one of those is Pharmaceutical. Meanwhile, Pharmaceutical companies require a sales representative or often referred to as medical representatives to be able to introduce their products to the market. The job of a medical sales representative is as a link between drug companies and healthcare professionals. They work by selling drug products (medicines, medical devices) to doctors, hospitals, and pharmacists. The ability that must be possessed by medical sales representatives is medical knowledge so they can present the medical product that they sell.
The salary that can be received by a medical sales representative is 25,000 USD per year. At the level manager the salary is about 50.000 USD per year. The required qualifications for this job are the Bachelor of Pharmacy or graduates from other faculties that are related to health and medicine.
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3. Patent Attorney
Patent attorney is a person that will assess whether inventions are new and innovative and therefore eligible to patented. The requirements for this job is that someone must have a good degree in science or engineering subject and have an interest in the law. Some responsibilities as a patent attorney are they will discuss the inventions and processes with inventors whether they will succeed in being granted patents, write the detailed descriptions about inventions I legal terms or patent drafts, and also will apply for patents from the Intellectual Property Office.
Patent attorney can work in a private practice partnership or in a large industrial employer. A patent attorney trainee will get about 36,000 USD per year. While a patent attorney in senior level with five years of experience will get about 95,000 – 130,000 USD per year.
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4. Regulatory affairs officer
Regulatory officers play a role in ensuring licensing, marketing, and legal compliance of pharmaceutical products to ensure the safe and efficacy of the drug is guaranteed. They must combine science knowledge with legal and business issues to ensure the product meets the established requirements. Within a year the regulatory affair officer can earn a salary of about 25,000 – 38,000 USD, and at a higher level they can earn salary of 77,000 – 100,000 USD. To become a regulatory affair officer, the required qualifications are a Bachelor of Pharmacy with a PharmD degree.
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5. Science Writer
Science writer is someone who writes about research, news and articles related to science. Writings that are made will usually be published in professional publications, scientific journals, and general media. Science writers must understand all the information, theory, and application of science. Writing should also be easily understood by the general public.
Within a year the science writer can earn a salary of 19,000 – 34,000 USD. Science writers have flexible working hours but must complete their tasks according to deadlines. To become a science writer, someone needs to be graduated from faculty that is related to health or science such as pharmacy, biochemistry, chemistry, physics, biology, and others.
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6. Toxicologist
To be a toxicologist, someone needs to have methodical, scientific mind and enjoy carrying out experiments. A toxicologist is a person that will look at the impact of toxic materials and radiation on the environment, human, and animal health. This job basically is a laboratory-based job that will identify, monitor, and evaluate the impact and will also consider the use of future technology.
Toxicologist is a job that exist in different areas such as academic, clinical, forensic, ecotoxicology, industry, pharmaceutical, occupational, and regulatory. The salary as a junior toxicologist is about 25,000 – 35,000 USD per year. And if they have some experience in this field, they will get about 97,000 USD per year. The salary will vary according to the policy in each place.
Indeed, there are many Jobs in Pharmacology that maybe good for your field. However, being a Pharmacologist will trade you to a great bright future.
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